How it works
Maximum reversible heat-engine efficiency = (1−cold temperature/hot temperature) × 100, with absolute temperatures.
Input definitions
- Hot reservoir temperature (K)
- Enter the value in the labeled unit.
- Cold reservoir temperature (K)
- Enter the value in the labeled unit.
A worked example
- Hot reservoir temperature (K)
- 600
- Cold reservoir temperature (K)
- 300
Assumptions & limits
Ideal educational model in the stated SI units. Real equipment, structural design and safety decisions need appropriate professional analysis; losses are excluded unless entered.
Sources & review
Maintained by AnsRio. Methods and examples use automated checks; this does not imply independent professional certification.
Method updated 2026-10-18. Content checked against the stated method and examples. Our verification approach.
Common questions
Will a real engine reach this efficiency?
No. This is a reversible theoretical upper bound. Friction, finite temperature differences and other irreversible effects reduce real performance.
How does Carnot thermal efficiency limit work?
Maximum reversible heat-engine efficiency = (1−cold temperature/hot temperature) × 100, with absolute temperatures.
What should I check before using Carnot thermal efficiency limit?
Ideal educational model in the stated SI units. Real equipment, structural design and safety decisions need appropriate professional analysis; losses are excluded unless entered.